This Day In History
- 1801 The North African state of Tripoli declared war on the United States in a dispute over safe passage of merchant vessels through the Mediterranean.
- 1854 The U.S. Naval Academy at Annapolis, MD graduated its first class on this day.
- 1922 Singer-actress Judy Garland was born Frances Gumm in Grand Rapids, Minn.
- 1935 Alcoholics Anonymous was founded in Akron, Ohio, by William G. Wilson and Dr. Robert Smith.
- 1940 Italy declared war on France and Britain; Canada declared war on Italy.
- 1942 The Gestapo massacred 173 male residents of Lidice, Czechoslovakia, in retaliation for the killing of a Nazi official.
- 1946 Italy replaced its abolished monarchy with a republic.
- 1964 The U.S. Senate voted to limit further debate on a proposed civil rights bill, shutting off a filibuster by Southern lawmakers.
- 1977 James Earl Ray, the convicted assassin of civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr., escaped from Brushy Mountain State Prison in Tennessee with six others; he was recaptured three days later.
- 1978 Affirmed won horse racing's Triple Crown by taking the Belmont Stakes.
- 1985 Socialite Claus von Bulow was acquitted by a jury in Providence, R.I., on charges he'd tried to murder his heiress wife, Martha ''Sunny'' von Bulow.
- 1999 Yugoslav troops departed Kosovo, prompting NATO to suspend its punishing 78-day air war.
- 2000 Syrian President Hafez Assad died at age 69.
- 2002 Organized crime figure John Gotti died at a prison hospital in Missouri at age 61.
- 1922 Judy Garland
- 1933 F. (Francis) Lee Bailey (defense attorney: O.J. Simpson, Patty Hearst)
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