This Day In History
- 1777 British forces under Gen. John Burgoyne surrendered to American troops in Saratoga, N.Y., in a turning point of the Revolutionary War.
- 1888 The first issue of "National Geographic Magazine" was on newsstands this day. The highly acclaimed magazine was published on a somewhat irregular basis at first. Material was hard to come by in the early years, so the publisher just waited to publish the next issue until enough material accumulated to fill it. The science and travel magazine, the official journal of the National Geographic Society (incorporated January 27, 1888), soon became a monthly and it wasn’t long before it was famous for its maps and photographic essays of exotic locales and peoples.
- 1919 The Radio Corporation of America was created.
- 1933 Albert Einstein arrived in the United States as a refugee from Nazi Germany.
- 1945 Col. Juan Peron staged a coup, becoming absolute ruler of Argentina.
- 1957 French author Albert Camus was awarded the Nobel Prize in literature.
- 1973 Arab oil-producing nations announced they would begin cutting back on oil exports to Western nations and Japan; the result was a total embargo that lasted until March 1974.
- 1977 West German commandos stormed a hijacked Lufthansa jetliner on the ground in Mogadishu, Somalia, freeing all 86 hostages and killing three of the four hijackers.
- 1978 President Jimmy Carter signed a bill restoring U.S. citizenship to Confederate President Jefferson Davis.
- 1979 Mother Teresa of India was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for her work on behalf of the destitute in Calcutta.
- 1987 First lady Nancy Reagan underwent a modified radical mastectomy at Bethesda Naval Hospital in Maryland.
- 1989 An earthquake measuring 7.1 on the Richter scale struck northern California, killing 67 people and causing $7 billion worth of damage.
- 1997 The remains of revolutionary Ernesto ''Che'' Guevara were laid to rest in his adopted Cuba, 30 years after his execution in Bolivia.
- 2001 The House of Representatives announced plans to close for an anthrax sweep after 31 people at the Capitol tested positive for exposure to anthrax; New York Gov. George Pataki's Manhattan office was evacuated after anthrax was detected.
- 2001 Israel's tourism minister, Rehavam Zeevi was shot to death in the first assassination of a serving Cabinet minister by Palestinians.
- 1880 Charles H. Kraft (cheese mogul [w/brother James L.]: Kraft Food Company)
- 1893 Spring Byington (actress: Please Don’t Eat the Daisies, Angels in the Outfield, In the Good Old Summertime, Jezebel, Little Women, Laramie, December Bride; died Sep 7, 1971)
- 1902 Irene Ryan (Noblette) (actress: The Beverly Hillbillies)
- 1912 Albino Luciani (Pope John Paul I: 263rd pope of the Roman Catholic Church [Aug 26, 1978 to Sep 28, 1978]; died Sep 28, 1978)
- 1914 Jerry (Jerome) Siegel (cartoonist: Superman [w/Joe Shuster]; died Jan 28, 1999)
- 1915 Arthur Miller (Tony Award-winning playwright: Death of a Salesman [1949]; Emmy Award-winning playwright: Playing for Time [1980-81], Death of a Salesman [1966-67]; It Takes a Thief, Rhinoceros, The Misfits)
- 1918 Rita Hayworth (Margarita Carmen Cansino) (actress)
- 1920 (Edward) Montgomery Clift (actor)
- 1921 Tom Poston (Emmy Award-winning comedian, actor: The Steve Allen Show)
- 1930 Jimmy Breslin (newspaper columnist; author: Table Money)
- 1938 Evel Knievel (Robert Craig) (motorcycle daredevil)
- 1948 Margot (Ruth) Kidder (actress: Superman series)
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